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- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html lang="en">
- <head>
- <title>three.js webgpu - VFX Linked particles</title>
- <meta charset="utf-8">
- <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0">
- <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="main.css">
- </head>
- <body>
- <div id="info">
- <a href="https://threejs.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">three.js webgpu</a> - VFX Linked particles
- <br>
- Based on <a href="https://github.com/ULuIQ12/webgpu-tsl-linkedparticles" target="_blank" rel="noopener">this experiment</a> by Christophe Choffel
- </div>
- <script type="importmap">
- {
- "imports": {
- "three": "../build/three.webgpu.js",
- "three/tsl": "../build/three.webgpu.js",
- "three/addons/": "./jsm/"
- }
- }
- </script>
- <script type="module">
- import * as THREE from 'three';
- import { atan2, cos, float, max, min, mix, PI, PI2, sin, vec2, vec3, bloom, color, Fn, hash, hue, If, instanceIndex, Loop, mx_fractal_noise_float, mx_fractal_noise_vec3, pass, pcurve, storage, timerDelta, timerGlobal, uv, uniform } from 'three/tsl';
- import { OrbitControls } from 'three/addons/controls/OrbitControls.js';
- import { GUI } from 'three/addons/libs/lil-gui.module.min.js';
- import WebGPU from 'three/addons/capabilities/WebGPU.js';
- let camera, scene, renderer, postProcessing, controls, clock, light;
- let updateParticles, spawnParticles; // TSL compute nodes
- let getInstanceColor; // TSL function
- const screenPointer = new THREE.Vector2();
- const scenePointer = new THREE.Vector3();
- const raycastPlane = new THREE.Plane( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ), 0 );
- const raycaster = new THREE.Raycaster();
- const nbParticles = Math.pow( 2, 13 );
- const timeScale = uniform( 1.0 );
- const particleLifetime = uniform( 0.5 );
- const particleSize = uniform( 1.0 );
- const linksWidth = uniform( 0.005 );
- const colorOffset = uniform( 0.0 );
- const colorVariance = uniform( 2.0 );
- const colorRotationSpeed = uniform( 1.0 );
- const spawnIndex = uniform( 0 );
- const nbToSpawn = uniform( 5 );
- const spawnPosition = uniform( vec3( 0.0 ) );
- const previousSpawnPosition = uniform( vec3( 0.0 ) );
- const turbFrequency = uniform( 0.5 );
- const turbAmplitude = uniform( 0.5 );
- const turbOctaves = uniform( 2 );
- const turbLacunarity = uniform( 2.0 );
- const turbGain = uniform( 0.5 );
- const turbFriction = uniform( 0.01 );
- init();
- function init() {
- if ( WebGPU.isAvailable() === false ) {
- document.body.appendChild( WebGPU.getErrorMessage() );
- throw new Error( 'No WebGPU support' );
- }
- camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera( 60, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 0.1, 200 );
- camera.position.set( 0, 0, 10 );
- scene = new THREE.Scene();
- clock = new THREE.Clock();
- // renderer
- renderer = new THREE.WebGPURenderer( { antialias: true } );
- renderer.setClearColor( 0x14171a );
- renderer.setPixelRatio( window.devicePixelRatio );
- renderer.setSize( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight );
- renderer.setAnimationLoop( animate );
- document.body.appendChild( renderer.domElement );
- // TSL function
- // current color from index
- getInstanceColor = /*#__PURE__*/ Fn( ( [ i ] ) => {
- return hue( color( 0x0000ff ), colorOffset.add( mx_fractal_noise_float( i.toFloat().mul( .1 ), 2, 2.0, 0.5, colorVariance ) ) );
- } );
- // Particles
- // storage buffers
- const particlePositions = storage( new THREE.StorageInstancedBufferAttribute( nbParticles, 4 ), 'vec4', nbParticles );
- const particleVelocities = storage( new THREE.StorageInstancedBufferAttribute( nbParticles, 4 ), 'vec4', nbParticles );
- // init particles buffers
- renderer.compute( /*#__PURE__*/ Fn( () => {
- particlePositions.element( instanceIndex ).xyz.assign( vec3( 10000.0 ) );
- particlePositions.element( instanceIndex ).w.assign( vec3( - 1.0 ) ); // life is stored in w component; x<0 means dead
- } )().compute( nbParticles ) );
- // particles output
- const particleQuadSize = 0.05;
- const particleGeom = new THREE.PlaneGeometry( particleQuadSize, particleQuadSize );
- const particleMaterial = new THREE.SpriteNodeMaterial();
- particleMaterial.transparent = true;
- particleMaterial.blending = THREE.AdditiveBlending;
- particleMaterial.depthWrite = false;
- particleMaterial.positionNode = particlePositions.toAttribute();
- particleMaterial.scaleNode = vec2( particleSize );
- particleMaterial.rotationNode = atan2( particleVelocities.toAttribute().y, particleVelocities.toAttribute().x );
- particleMaterial.colorNode = /*#__PURE__*/ Fn( () => {
- const life = particlePositions.toAttribute().w;
- const modLife = pcurve( life.oneMinus(), 8.0, 1.0 );
- const pulse = pcurve(
- sin( hash( instanceIndex ).mul( PI2 ).add( timerGlobal( 0.5 ).mul( PI2 ) ) ).mul( 0.5 ).add( 0.5 ),
- 0.25,
- 0.25
- ).mul( 10.0 ).add( 1.0 );
- return getInstanceColor( instanceIndex ).mul( pulse.mul( modLife ) );
- } )();
- particleMaterial.opacityNode = /*#__PURE__*/ Fn( () => {
- const circle = uv().xy.sub( 0.5 ).length().step( 0.5 );
- const life = particlePositions.toAttribute().w;
- return circle.mul( life );
- } )();
- const particleMesh = new THREE.InstancedMesh( particleGeom, particleMaterial, nbParticles );
- particleMesh.instanceMatrix.setUsage( THREE.DynamicDrawUsage );
- particleMesh.frustumCulled = false;
- scene.add( particleMesh );
- // Links between particles
- // first, we define the indices for the links, 2 quads per particle, the indexation is fixed
- const linksIndices = [];
- for ( let i = 0; i < nbParticles; i ++ ) {
- const baseIndex = i * 8;
- for ( let j = 0; j < 2; j ++ ) {
- const offset = baseIndex + j * 4;
- linksIndices.push( offset, offset + 1, offset + 2, offset, offset + 2, offset + 3 );
- }
- }
- // storage buffers attributes for the links
- const nbVertices = nbParticles * 8;
- const linksVerticesSBA = new THREE.StorageBufferAttribute( nbVertices, 4 );
- const linksColorsSBA = new THREE.StorageBufferAttribute( nbVertices, 4 );
- // links output
- const linksGeom = new THREE.BufferGeometry();
- linksGeom.setAttribute( 'position', linksVerticesSBA );
- linksGeom.setAttribute( 'color', linksColorsSBA );
- linksGeom.setIndex( linksIndices );
- const linksMaterial = new THREE.MeshBasicNodeMaterial();
- linksMaterial.vertexColors = true;
- linksMaterial.side = THREE.DoubleSide;
- linksMaterial.transparent = true;
- linksMaterial.depthWrite = false;
- linksMaterial.depthTest = false;
- linksMaterial.blending = THREE.AdditiveBlending;
- linksMaterial.opacityNode = storage( linksColorsSBA, 'vec4', linksColorsSBA.count ).toAttribute().w;
- const linksMesh = new THREE.Mesh( linksGeom, linksMaterial );
- linksMesh.frustumCulled = false;
- scene.add( linksMesh );
- // compute nodes
- updateParticles = /*#__PURE__*/ Fn( () => {
- const position = particlePositions.element( instanceIndex ).xyz;
- const life = particlePositions.element( instanceIndex ).w;
- const velocity = particleVelocities.element( instanceIndex ).xyz;
- const dt = timerDelta( 0.1 ).mul( timeScale );
- If( life.greaterThan( 0.0 ), () => {
- // first we update the particles positions and velocities
- // velocity comes from a turbulence field, and is multiplied by the particle lifetime so that it slows down over time
- const localVel = mx_fractal_noise_vec3( position.mul( turbFrequency ), turbOctaves, turbLacunarity, turbGain, turbAmplitude ).mul( life.add( .01 ) );
- velocity.addAssign( localVel );
- velocity.mulAssign( turbFriction.oneMinus() );
- position.addAssign( velocity.mul( dt ) );
- // then we decrease the lifetime
- life.subAssign( dt.mul( particleLifetime.reciprocal() ) );
- // then we find the two closest particles and set a quad to each of them
- const closestDist1 = float( 10000.0 ).toVar();
- const closestPos1 = vec3( 0.0 ).toVar();
- const closestLife1 = float( 0.0 ).toVar();
- const closestDist2 = float( 10000.0 ).toVar();
- const closestPos2 = vec3( 0.0 ).toVar();
- const closestLife2 = float( 0.0 ).toVar();
- Loop( nbParticles, ( { i } ) => {
- const otherPart = particlePositions.element( i );
- If( i.notEqual( instanceIndex ).and( otherPart.w.greaterThan( 0.0 ) ), () => { // if not self and other particle is alive
- const otherPosition = otherPart.xyz;
- const dist = position.sub( otherPosition ).lengthSq();
- const moreThanZero = dist.greaterThan( 0.0 );
- If( dist.lessThan( closestDist1 ).and( moreThanZero ), () => {
- closestDist1.assign( dist );
- closestPos1.assign( otherPosition.xyz );
- closestLife1.assign( otherPart.w );
- } ).ElseIf( dist.lessThan( closestDist2 ).and( moreThanZero ), () => {
- closestDist2.assign( dist );
- closestPos2.assign( otherPosition.xyz );
- closestLife2.assign( otherPart.w );
- } );
- } );
- } );
- // then we update the links correspondingly
- const linksPositions = storage( linksVerticesSBA, 'vec4', linksVerticesSBA.count );
- const linksColors = storage( linksColorsSBA, 'vec4', linksColorsSBA.count );
- const firstLinkIndex = instanceIndex.mul( 8 );
- const secondLinkIndex = firstLinkIndex.add( 4 );
- // positions link 1
- linksPositions.element( firstLinkIndex ).xyz.assign( position );
- linksPositions.element( firstLinkIndex ).y.addAssign( linksWidth );
- linksPositions.element( firstLinkIndex.add( 1 ) ).xyz.assign( position );
- linksPositions.element( firstLinkIndex.add( 1 ) ).y.addAssign( linksWidth.negate() );
- linksPositions.element( firstLinkIndex.add( 2 ) ).xyz.assign( closestPos1 );
- linksPositions.element( firstLinkIndex.add( 2 ) ).y.addAssign( linksWidth.negate() );
- linksPositions.element( firstLinkIndex.add( 3 ) ).xyz.assign( closestPos1 );
- linksPositions.element( firstLinkIndex.add( 3 ) ).y.addAssign( linksWidth );
- // positions link 2
- linksPositions.element( secondLinkIndex ).xyz.assign( position );
- linksPositions.element( secondLinkIndex ).y.addAssign( linksWidth );
- linksPositions.element( secondLinkIndex.add( 1 ) ).xyz.assign( position );
- linksPositions.element( secondLinkIndex.add( 1 ) ).y.addAssign( linksWidth.negate() );
- linksPositions.element( secondLinkIndex.add( 2 ) ).xyz.assign( closestPos2 );
- linksPositions.element( secondLinkIndex.add( 2 ) ).y.addAssign( linksWidth.negate() );
- linksPositions.element( secondLinkIndex.add( 3 ) ).xyz.assign( closestPos2 );
- linksPositions.element( secondLinkIndex.add( 3 ) ).y.addAssign( linksWidth );
- // colors are the same for all vertices of both quads
- const linkColor = getInstanceColor( instanceIndex );
- // store the minimum lifetime of the closest particles in the w component of colors
- const l1 = max( 0.0, min( closestLife1, life ) ).pow( 0.8 ); // pow is here to apply a slight curve to the opacity
- const l2 = max( 0.0, min( closestLife2, life ) ).pow( 0.8 );
- Loop( 4, ( { i } ) => {
- linksColors.element( firstLinkIndex.add( i ) ).xyz.assign( linkColor );
- linksColors.element( firstLinkIndex.add( i ) ).w.assign( l1 );
- linksColors.element( secondLinkIndex.add( i ) ).xyz.assign( linkColor );
- linksColors.element( secondLinkIndex.add( i ) ).w.assign( l2 );
- } );
- } );
- } )().compute( nbParticles );
- spawnParticles = /*#__PURE__*/ Fn( () => {
- const particleIndex = spawnIndex.add( instanceIndex ).mod( nbParticles ).toInt();
- const position = particlePositions.element( particleIndex ).xyz;
- const life = particlePositions.element( particleIndex ).w;
- const velocity = particleVelocities.element( particleIndex ).xyz;
- life.assign( 1.0 ); // sets it alive
- // random spherical direction
- const rRange = float( 0.01 );
- const rTheta = hash( particleIndex ).mul( PI2 );
- const rPhi = hash( particleIndex.add( 1 ) ).mul( PI );
- const rx = sin( rTheta ).mul( cos( rPhi ) );
- const ry = sin( rTheta ).mul( sin( rPhi ) );
- const rz = cos( rTheta );
- const rDir = vec3( rx, ry, rz );
- // position is interpolated between the previous cursor position and the current one over the number of particles spawned
- const pos = mix( previousSpawnPosition, spawnPosition, instanceIndex.toFloat().div( nbToSpawn.sub( 1 ).toFloat() ).clamp() );
- position.assign( pos.add( rDir.mul( rRange ) ) );
- // start in that direction
- velocity.assign( rDir.mul( 5.0 ) );
- } )().compute( nbToSpawn.value );
- // background , an inverted icosahedron
- const backgroundGeom = new THREE.IcosahedronGeometry( 100, 5 ).applyMatrix4( new THREE.Matrix4().makeScale( - 1, 1, 1 ) );
- const backgroundMaterial = new THREE.MeshStandardNodeMaterial();
- backgroundMaterial.roughness = 0.4;
- backgroundMaterial.metalness = 0.9;
- backgroundMaterial.flatShading = true;
- backgroundMaterial.colorNode = color( 0x0 );
- const backgroundMesh = new THREE.Mesh( backgroundGeom, backgroundMaterial );
- scene.add( backgroundMesh );
- // light for the background
- light = new THREE.PointLight( 0xffffff, 3000 );
- scene.add( light );
- // post processing
- postProcessing = new THREE.PostProcessing( renderer );
- const scenePass = pass( scene, camera );
- const scenePassColor = scenePass.getTextureNode( 'output' );
- const bloomPass = bloom( scenePassColor, 0.75, 0.1, 0.5 );
- postProcessing.outputNode = scenePassColor.add( bloomPass );
- // controls
- controls = new OrbitControls( camera, renderer.domElement );
- controls.enableDamping = true;
- controls.autoRotate = true;
- controls.maxDistance = 75;
- window.addEventListener( 'resize', onWindowResize );
- // pointer handling
- window.addEventListener( 'pointermove', onPointerMove );
- // GUI
- const gui = new GUI();
- gui.add( controls, 'autoRotate' ).name( 'Auto Rotate' );
- gui.add( controls, 'autoRotateSpeed', - 10.0, 10.0, 0.01 ).name( 'Auto Rotate Speed' );
- const partFolder = gui.addFolder( 'Particles' );
- partFolder.add( timeScale, 'value', 0.0, 4.0, 0.01 ).name( 'timeScale' );
- partFolder.add( nbToSpawn, 'value', 1, 100, 1 ).name( 'Spawn rate' );
- partFolder.add( particleSize, 'value', 0.01, 3.0, 0.01 ).name( 'Size' );
- partFolder.add( particleLifetime, 'value', 0.01, 2.0, 0.01 ).name( 'Lifetime' );
- partFolder.add( linksWidth, 'value', 0.001, 0.1, 0.001 ).name( 'Links width' );
- partFolder.add( colorVariance, 'value', 0.0, 10.0, 0.01 ).name( 'Color variance' );
- partFolder.add( colorRotationSpeed, 'value', 0.0, 5.0, 0.01 ).name( 'Color rotation speed' );
- const turbFolder = gui.addFolder( 'Turbulence' );
- turbFolder.add( turbFriction, 'value', 0.0, 0.3, 0.01 ).name( 'Friction' );
- turbFolder.add( turbFrequency, 'value', 0.0, 1.0, 0.01 ).name( 'Frequency' );
- turbFolder.add( turbAmplitude, 'value', 0.0, 10.0, 0.01 ).name( 'Amplitude' );
- turbFolder.add( turbOctaves, 'value', 1, 9, 1 ).name( 'Octaves' );
- turbFolder.add( turbLacunarity, 'value', 1.0, 5.0, 0.01 ).name( 'Lacunarity' );
- turbFolder.add( turbGain, 'value', 0.0, 1.0, 0.01 ).name( 'Gain' );
- const bloomFolder = gui.addFolder( 'bloom' );
- bloomFolder.add( bloomPass.threshold, 'value', 0, 2.0, 0.01 ).name( 'Threshold' );
- bloomFolder.add( bloomPass.strength, 'value', 0, 10, 0.01 ).name( 'Strength' );
- bloomFolder.add( bloomPass.radius, 'value', 0, 1, 0.01 ).name( 'Radius' );
- }
- function onWindowResize( e ) {
- camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;
- camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
- renderer.setSize( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight );
- }
- function onPointerMove( e ) {
- screenPointer.x = ( e.clientX / window.innerWidth ) * 2 - 1;
- screenPointer.y = - ( e.clientY / window.innerHeight ) * 2 + 1;
- }
- function updatePointer() {
- raycaster.setFromCamera( screenPointer, camera );
- raycaster.ray.intersectPlane( raycastPlane, scenePointer );
- }
- async function animate() {
- // compute particles
- await renderer.computeAsync( updateParticles );
- await renderer.computeAsync( spawnParticles );
- // update particle index for next spawn
- spawnIndex.value = ( spawnIndex.value + nbToSpawn.value ) % nbParticles;
- // update raycast plane to face camera
- raycastPlane.normal.applyEuler( camera.rotation );
- updatePointer();
- // lerping spawn position
- previousSpawnPosition.value.copy( spawnPosition.value );
- spawnPosition.value.lerp( scenePointer, 0.1 );
- // rotating colors
- colorOffset.value += clock.getDelta() * colorRotationSpeed.value * timeScale.value;
- const elapsedTime = clock.getElapsedTime();
- light.position.set(
- Math.sin( elapsedTime * 0.5 ) * 30,
- Math.cos( elapsedTime * 0.3 ) * 30,
- Math.sin( elapsedTime * 0.2 ) * 30,
- );
- controls.update();
- postProcessing.renderAsync();
- }
- </script>
- </body>
- </html>
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